常用sql语句整理：mysql
增
增加一张表
CREATE TABLE `table_name`( ... )ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;
增加记录
INSERT INTO `your_table_name`(`column_name`)VALUES('your_value_one'),('your_value_two');增加字段
ALTER TABLE `your_table_name` ADD `your_column_name` ...AFTER `column_name`;
增加索引
ALTER TABLE `your_table_name` ADD PRIMARY KEY your_index_name(your_column_name);
ALTER TABLE `your_table_name` ADD UNIQUE your_index_name(your_column_name);
ALTER TABLE `your_table_name` ADD INDEX your_index_name(your_column_name);
ALTER TABLE `your_table_name` ADD FULLTEXT your_index_name(your_column_name);
全文索引
普通索引
唯一索引
主键
删
逐行删除
DELETE FORM `table_name` WHERE ...;
清空整张表
TRUNCATE TABLE `your_table_name`;
删除表
DROP TABLE `your_table_name`;
删除字段
ALTER TABLE `your_table_name` DROP `column_name`;
删除索引
ALTER TABLE `your_table_name` DROP INDEX your_index_name(your_column_name);
改
变更数据
UPDATE `table_name` SET column_name=your_value WHERE ...;
变更字段
ALTER TABLE `your_table_name` CHANGE `your_column_name` `your_column_name` ...(变更);
变更字段值为另一张表的某个值
UPDATE `your_table_name` AS a JOIN `your_anther_table_name` AS b SET a.column = b.anther_column WHERE a.id = b.a_id...;
查
普通查询
SELECT `column_name_one`, `column_name_two` FROM `table_name`;
关联查询
SELECT *FROM `your_table_name` AS a JOIN `your_anther_table_name` AS b WHERE a.column_name = b.column_name...;
合计函数条件查询：WHERE 关键字无法与合计函数一起使用
SELECT aggregate_function(column_name)FROM your_table_name GROUP BY column_name HAVING aggregate_function(column_name)...;
同一个实例下跨库查询
SELECT *FROM database_name.your_table_name AS a JOIN another_database_name.your_another_table_name AS b WHERE a.column_name = b.column_name...;
复制一张表结构
CREATE TABLE `your_table_name` LIKE `destination_table_name`;
完全复制一张表：表结构+全部数据
CREATE TABLE `your_table_name` LIKE `destination_table_name`;INSERT INTO `your_table_name` SELECT *FROM `destination_table_name`;
附录：mysql常用命令
登陆： mysql -h host -u username -p
列出数据库：SHOW DATABESES;
列出表:SHOW TABLES;
列出表结构:DESC table_name
使用一个数据库：USE database_name;
导入：source 'file';
导出：mysqldump -h 127.0.0.1 -u root -p "database_name" "table_name" --where="condition" > file_name.sql;
查看慢日志：mysqldumpslow -s [c:按记录次数排序/t:时间/l:锁定时间/r:返回的记录数] -t [n:前n条数据] -g "正则" /path
新增用户： insert into
user(Host,User,authentication_string) value('localhost', 'username', password('pwd'))
mysql 5.7 新增用户
// 插入新用户insert into mysql.user(Host, User, authentication_string, ssl_cipher, x509_issuer, x509_subjectvalue('localhost', 'username', password('password'), '', '', '');// 数据库授权grant all privileges on dbname.name.* to username@localhost identified by 'password';// 刷新权限信息FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
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